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Autor	Katarzyna Łukasiewicz
Tytuł	Arrivals of Foreigners to Poland with Particular Emphasis on Visitors from Outside the Schengen Area – Characteristics and Prospects for the Future
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Key words	arrival, Poland, Schengen, tourism
Abstrakt
Abstract	Poland is very popular among foreigners. Tourism is an important part of the Polish economy. The share of tourism in GDP remains at a level of 5-6%, with employment estimated at approx. 760 thousand. People (4.7% of the total workforce), with approx. 170-200 thousand. People are employed in activities related to accommodation and food service. Proceeds from the arrivals of foreigners goes back to the year 8-9 billion euros, of which about half is the proceeds of arrivals of foreign tourists. The aim of the article is to present the characteristics of arrivals of foreigners to Poland, with particular emphasis on visitors from outside the Schengen Area. On the basis of statistical data I analysed arrivals of foreign tourists to Poland and presented the changes in the structure of those arrivals. The article also shows the diversity of tourism revenue in the period considered. For this purpose a method of "Desk Research" based on data from Central Statistical Office, Institute of Tourism, Ministry of Sport and Tourism. The article also includes the perspective of the development of inbound tourism. The article presents the results of research conducted in October 2016 in Kiev among 152 respondents. The aim of the study was to collect the information on the attractiveness of Poland for Ukrainian visitors. Convenient sampling method was used to select the survey participants. Diagnostic survey method was used in the study and the direct technique was an interview without previously prepared questions. The results confirm that Ukrainians are willing to visit Poland.
Cytowanie	Łukasiewicz K. (2016) Arrivals of Foreigners to Poland with Particular Emphasis on Visitors from Outside the Schengen Area – Characteristics and Prospects for the Future.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 213-222
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s213.pdf

Autor	Małgorzata Matyja
Tytuł	Position of Polish Agricultural Production Cooperatives on the International and Domestic Market
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Key words	agricultural cooperatives, turnover, market share
Abstrakt
Abstract	The historical as well as recent experiences show that in some countries and sectors cooperatives play a key role. The agricultural cooperatives are the organizations where farmers pool their resources in certain areas of activity. A fundamental differences between the agricultural cooperatives in develop countries and the CEEC exist. To add insight to the understanding these differences the paper presents some relevant, secondary data. Precisely, the purpose of the article is to investigate the position of Polish agricultural production cooperatives (APCs) on the domestic market and in comparison to cooperatives in developed countries. A main finding is that there is observed a phenomenon of decreasing number of APCs, poorly recognized brands, a relative small turnovers and market shares in comparison to agricultural cooperatives in developed countries.
Cytowanie	Matyja M. (2016) Position of Polish Agricultural Production Cooperatives on the International and Domestic Market.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 16(31), z. 4: 223-231
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2016_T16(31)_n4_s223.pdf

Autor	Marian Oliński, Piotr Szamrowski
Tytuł	Potencjał dialogowy witryn internetowych organizacji pożytku publicznego - podejście relacyjne
Title	DIALOGIC FEATURES OF PUBLIC BENEFIT ORGANIZATIONS WEBSITES - RELATIONAL APPROACH
Słowa kluczowe	organizacja pożytku publicznego, dialog, relacje, Internet
Key words	public benefit organizations, dialogue, relationships, Internet
Abstrakt	Obecny zasięg i znaczenie Internetu, daje ponadprzeciętne możliwości, odnośnie budowania relacji między interesariuszami a organizacjami non-profit. Dlatego celem niniejszego artykułu jest identyfikacja sposobu, w jaki organizacje pożytku publicznego (OPP) wykorzystują witryny internetowe do budowy potencjału dialogowego z jej użytkownikami. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika (łącznie przebadano 367 organizacji pożytku publicznego), iż OPP w niewielkim stopniu wykorzystują tzw. pięć zasad w budowie potencjału dialogowego witryny internetowej (zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do elementów bezpośrednio tworzących potencjał dialogowy witryny internetowej). Wyraźnie brakuje także świadomości u osób odpowiedzialnych za podejmowanie decyzji w organizacjach pożytku publicznego, jak ważną rolę odgrywa obecnie public relations w budowaniu relacji oraz w jaki sposób można w tym celu skutecznie wykorzystać Internet. W niniejszym artykule wykorzystano metodę analizy publikowanych treści, stanowiącą jeden z głównych typów tzw. analizy zawartości (content analysis).
Abstract	building relationships between stakeholders of nonprofit organizations. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify the way how public benefit organizations (PBO) use websites to building dialogic potential with their public. Using a modified Kent and Taylor’s dialogic principles a content analysis of 367 Public Benefit Organizations was conducted The study shows, that nonprofit organizations only to small extent use five principles in building the dialogic potential of their websites (in particular elements directly creating dialogic potential). A clear lack of awareness of those responsible for making decisions in public benefit organizations is visible concerning the important role played by public relations in building relationships and the role of Internet especially.
Cytowanie	Oliński M., Szamrowski P. (2016) Potencjał dialogowy witryn internetowych organizacji pożytku publicznego - podejście relacyjne.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 16(65): 37-54
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n65_s37.pdf

Autor	Eugeniusz Michalski
Tytuł	International competitive intelligence
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Key words	international trade, market, competition, commercial risk, price risk, international environment
Abstrakt
Abstract	Creating international competitive intelligence is the foundation of an enterprise’s entry and existence in a foreign market. Good preparation for international trade and the exchange of goods and services requires intelligence to be collected and examined. An enterprise needs to determine sources of competitive intelligence as well as set up foreign market entry strategies and activities under the existing conditions. For that, it must know the nature and scope of international competitive intelligence. To understand the factors shaping business activities, it should also study the competition between local and foreign enterprises in a foreign country, commercial organisations and risk in price fluctuations.
Cytowanie	Michalski E.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s67.pdf

Autor	Eugeniusz Michalski
Tytuł	MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE
Title	Zarządzanie marketingowe przedsiębiorstwem
Słowa kluczowe	paradygmat, wartości, strategia, SWOT, technologia informacyjna
Key words	paradigm, values, strategy, SWOT, information technology
Abstrakt	Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie jak nowa koncepcja marketingu mix wpływa na dostarczanie wartości dla nabywców i przynosi korzyści przedsiębiorstwu. Zadaniem zarządzania marketingowego jest udostepnienie dóbr i usług nabywcom wtedy kiedy są gotowi do zakupu. Przedsiębiorstwo potrzebuje trafne i aktualne informacje o nabywcach, konkurentach i nowych trendach rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego w kraju i na świecie. Analizie poddano paradygmat zarzadzania marketingowego i proces tworzenia zarzadzania marketingowego opartego na wartościach. Następnie rozpatrzono koncepcje strategii marketingowej i analizę SWOT. Na końcu omówiono wpływ technologii informacyjnej na zarzadzanie marketingowe.
Abstract	The main goal of this article is to present how the new conception of marketing mix affects delivering value to customers and benefit an enterprise. The task of marketing management is to make the good and service available when a customer is ready to buy it. An enterprise needs timely, accurate and relevant information on customers, competitors and new socio-economic trends in the country and the world. The analysis of marketing management paradigm and creation of value based management were carry out. Next, the concept of marketing strategy and SWOT analysis were under consideration. Lastly, the impact of information technology on marketing management were described.
Cytowanie	Michalski E. (2016) MARKETING MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISE.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW, Polityki Europejskie, Finanse i Marketing [t.], nr 15(64): 84-95
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Pełny tekst	PEFIM_2016_n64_s84.pdf

Autor	Anna Korzeniewska, Kinga Wierzchowska
Tytuł	Performance measurement and high team performance building using the Prism Team Performance Diagnostic
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Key words	team performance, PRISM Team Performance Diagnostic, high performance, performance management, team development
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of this article is to present the use of PRISM Team Performance Diagnostic to diagnose the team performance of the employees of an IT company. The article presents the different stages of team performance diagnosis with results and identifies possible solutions to the problem of poor performance of the team and the precise actions which should be taken by the leader. The teams managed with traditional methods never obtain high performance. The implementation of enterprise performance management tools using the PRISM Team Performance Diagnostic allows an organisation to build a high-performance team and achieve better business results. In companies using this tool, the involvement of employees, the company’s revenues, customer satisfaction and the level of customer retention can be increased from 1 up to 20%.
Cytowanie	Korzeniewska A., Wierzchowska K.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s73.pdf

Autor	Pervez Akhtar
Tytuł	An analysis of capital structure determinants using the example of Pakistan’s cement sector companies listed on the Karachi stock exchange
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Key words	capital structure determinants, cement sector, KSE Pakistan
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Abstract	This paper examines the capital structure determinants of Pakistan’s cement sector. The sample is based on 21 cement sector companies listed on the national stock exchange of Pakistan, the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Debt/equity was taken as the dependent variable Chile independent variables were sales growth, profitability, financial cost, company size and tangibility. The overall results showed that financial cost and tangibility have positive relationship with the dependent variable. The three other variables growth, profitability and size are negatively correlated with leverage.
Cytowanie	Akhtar P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s5.pdf

Autor	Izabela Dobrowolska
Tytuł	European Union policy for the socio-economic development of Africa
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Key words	Africa, socio-economic development, the European Union, growth, prosperity
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Abstract	The main goal of the research was to show the European Union’s policy towards the regional development of the African continent. Recently, Africa has played a very important role on the international political arena and it has been empowered thanks to a plentiful supply of raw materials. The Communities’ help is based mainly on financial support and promotion of the Mediterranean area. Under the long-term cooperation between the two continents, many agreements, acts, and documents have been signed that would directly benefit the African states and indirectly help the entire European Union. While these documents and agreements cover a variety of matters, including environmental protection and human rights, they are diffuse and lack clear goals. The article relies on the relevant and current literature and a variety of statistics.
Cytowanie	Dobrowolska I.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s25.pdf

Autor	Beata Kowalczyk
Tytuł	Changes to the system of direct payments in the framework of the CAP reform for the years 2014–2020
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Key words	direct payment system, direct payment budget and rates, CAP reform
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Abstract	The article examines the changes that have been made to the direct payments system as a result of the most recent reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) for the years 2014–2020. It presents a model division of direct payment funds taken on by the countries and institutions of the EU, as well as changes to the national budgets and payments for 1 ha of agricultural land resulting from the redistribution and the ability to transfer funds between the CAP’s two pillars. It also presents solutions individual countries have used in choosing components available in the direct payment system and the division of national budgets allocated for their realisation. Results of the analysis show that the amount of direct payments in Poland has grown and that EU Member States have taken a variety of approaches to shaping the new national payment system.
Cytowanie	Kowalczyk B.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s39.pdf

Autor	Mateusz Drzazga, Anna Karpa, Teresa Łaguna, Michał Pawelec, Mariusz Piórkowski
Tytuł	Customer transport preferences in services offered by the regional Olsztyn-Mazury airport in Szymany
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Key words	air transport, regional airport, air transport offer, additional services, studying preferences
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Abstract	The aim of the study was to research, analyse and evaluate preferences concerning the services offered by the Regional Olsztyn-Mazury Airport in Szymany. A questionnaire was used as the research tool. The researched groups were students and employees of the Faculty of Economics of Warminsko-Mazurski University in Olsztyn. Number of 1,136 people, accounting for 38.77% of the student body and employees, responded. Thus they were statistically representative. The theoretical part of the paper discusses air transport in Poland. Definitions and features of the air transport market are presented, as are the relationship between supply and demand for passenger transport services. Information about Polish airports is presented along with development trends of the airports and the role of the regional airports. The empirical section presents the characteristics of Regional Olsztyn-Mazury Airport in Szymany. Questionnaire respondents were described by gender, age, occupation and income. The preferences of the interviewees concerning transport services offered by the airport are presented. The research shows that a significant numer of respondents would be unwilling to use the services, though there are factors that could encourage them (lower prices and more services). The article also examines demand for a list of frequently visited destinations, the reasons for travelling, and the need to adjust transport services to demand.
Cytowanie	Drzazga M., Karpa A., Łaguna T., Pawelec M., Piórkowski M.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s53.pdf

Autor	Tomasz Mutrynowski
Tytuł	Regulatory determinants of US automotive market structure – an overview
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Key words	American automotive market, interventionism, General Motors, Ford, Chrysler
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Abstract	Governments have different measures at their disposal to influence the car market and thus achieve particular goals. Indirect interventionism, thanks to i.e. environmental regulation, should include social welfare. The American automotive market is more than 100 years old and has been the subject of various regulations that have shaped its structure. The Big Three of the US car industry (General Motors, Ford Motor Company, Chrysler) has changed over the last 50 years into The Big Six, which now includes Nissan, Honda, and Toyota. Analysis shows how fiscal and environmental policies influence particular sectors. This should be a revealing lesson for Polish automotive market regulators, especially when we need to deal with our own problems, such as the high average age of vehicles. The article also describes government activity in rescuing a key national economic sector. The financial crisis of 2008 showed that market mechanisms are not sufficient. Possible further losses related to the collapsing car industry forced the government to take control of the bankruptcy of GM and Chrysler.
Cytowanie	Mutrynowski T.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s79.pdf

Autor	Mariusz Nyk
Tytuł	Tax planning for small and medium enterprises (SMEs)
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Key words	tax optimisation, corporate sector, income tax
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Abstract	This study points to the essence of appropriate differentiation among tax optimisation, tax savings, tax evasion and tax avoidance. It discusses criteria for choosing taxation forms for entities in the small and medium enterprise sector that do not have a legal personality (in other words, they are run by natural persons and pay personal income tax). It uses a case study based on actual economic data, taking into account applicable tax regulations. The study concludes with recommendations for entrepreneurs facing the dilemma of choosing the form of income taxation that is most appropriate for them, keeping in mind that tax planning is an element of the entity’s operating strategy.
Cytowanie	Nyk M.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s91.pdf

Autor	Katarzyna Podhorodecka
Tytuł	The impact of the global economic crisis on tourism in Cyprus
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Key words	Cyprus, tourism economy, global economic crisis
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Abstract	The Global economic crisis had an impact on tourism movement all over the world and especially on island territories. However, some island territories coped better with the effects of the crisis than others. Cyprus was one that saw tourists visits return to pre-crisis levels. The main aim of the article was to examine how Cyprus dealt with the global economic crisis. Three questions were here posed: First, is there a correlation between the changes in the GDP growth rate in the main markets that send tourists to Cyprus and the changes in the number of tourist arrivals from these markets? Did the actions taken by the National Tourism Administration and National Tourism Organisation, during the global economic crisis, increase the number of tourist visits to the island? Was there, during the period analysed, a correlation between foreign tourists arrivals and Cyprus’ GDP growth rate? The methods used in the article included statistical analysis as well as analysis of the literature and of strategic documents. A correlation between the changes in GDP from the main markets and the number of tourists visiting Cyprus from these markets was observed. Moreover the actions taken by the National Tourism Administration were only partly effective. The correlation between the changes in foreign tourist arrivals visiting Cyprus and the changes in Cyprus’ GDP was estimated as weak.
Cytowanie	Podhorodecka K.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s99.pdf

Autor	Hanna Soroka-Potrzebna
Tytuł	Survival analysis of newly formed companies in the years 2009–2013
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Key words	analysis, company, barrier
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Abstract	New companies are an opportunity to develop a region, increase its employment and GDP, and push a country’s economy forward. However, only some of them survive the barriers and vicissitudes the economy throws up before them. Analysis of data on Polandallow us to assess whether the country’s economy enables newly formed companies to survive more than a year or two, or if tends to close the door on them before they can fully develop their activities. The article also shows the types of barriers that are most burdensome for newly formed companies, and what should be changed so that Polish enterprise can grow.
Cytowanie	Soroka-Potrzebna H.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s111.pdf

Autor	Aneta Szara
Tytuł	Talent management programmes in the retail industry designed for university graduates
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Key words	development programmes, social competencies, manager competencies, trainings, mentoring, coaching
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Abstract	The article systematises issues concerning managerial skills development programmes dedicated to university graduates. Conclusions and recommendations have been collected to define key competencies and roles of people supporting participants as well as to establish a training scheme which allows graduates to move into their first managerial position. Recommendations are based on commentary from a case study done on a trade company analysed to define a development and conditioning programme for potential future managers. An important result was that such programmes reach out to young people preparing to hold a specialist or managerial position while also helping the organisation to provide good quality staff which realises the goals of the company. In other words, the analysis shows that the interests of both sides are consistent in career development. Moreover, the training programmes make it possible to realise the goals of the organisation.
Cytowanie	Szara A.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s121.pdf

Autor	Wojciech Wychowaniec
Tytuł	Age management as an opportunity to manage employees effectively in the light of demographic changes
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Key words	age management, older workers, labour market
Abstrakt
Abstract	The goal of this article is to analyse the main threats and benefits that accompany the implementation of age management policy, a method that enables workers aged 45+ to be highly effective. The article presents a demographic prognosis on the changing structure of human capital in the labour market, which determines the growing importance of age management in enterprises. The text contains an analysis of the key threats arising from a lack of employer action on age management, and the benefits that may be gained from age management policy. The article also examined the inevitability of changes, which will appear in the age structure of Polish people in the labour market and in companies. These particular changes will determinate plenty of consequences, mostly for employers, because the new personnel will require a slightly different management approach. My intention is to adapt the work to the requirements of the scientific community, as well as to the needs of labour market experts and business practitioners. This is why the paradigm of radical humanism was chosen for the article.
Cytowanie	Wychowaniec W.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n1_s145.pdf

Autor	Karolina Jakubowska
Tytuł	Organizational practice and employee expectations in the processes of preparation and implementation of evaluation systems
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Key words	employee assessment, employee assessment methods, employees’ expectations, feedback, sense of justice
Abstrakt
Abstract	The aim of this work was to explore employee evaluation as they are used in organizations. The research method was a survey, and the research tool was a questionnaire. Results from the studies show that there is a discrepancy between employee expectations of the evaluation processes and their real effects. This can cause employees to feel a sense of injustice with regard to evaluations, which, according to research, is quite common. A lack of analysis of the evaluation practice from the organizational perspective was a substantial limitation of the research conducted for this article. Nevertheless, conclusions from the research can be used as pointers in creating and correcting evaluation systems in organizational practice.
Cytowanie	Jakubowska K.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s25.pdf

Autor	Tomasz Jaroszewski
Tytuł	An education voucher as a way to increase competitiveness in upper secondary schools educational services market
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Key words	educational services, education voucher, local finance
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Abstract	The goal of the article is to present the proposition of reform in the system of financing educational services by local governments, which could contribute to increasing the market share of private entities. Currently, the majority of educational services in Poland are provided by public institutions, which is contrary to the general trend towards liberalisation of economic policy and the privatisation associated with it. The article proposes an education voucher and presents one way to reform education, which would not generate any organisational problems for local governments and would not have a negative impact on public finances.
Cytowanie	Jaroszewski T.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s35.pdf

Autor	Karolina Kaczmarek
Tytuł	Evaluation of the level of socio-economic development in the counties of Wielkopolska Province in 2014
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Key words	Wielkopolska province, socio-economic development, local development, TOPSIS, synthetic development indicator
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Abstract	The concept of socio-economic development refers to the qualitative and quantitative measure of progress. The main objective of the study was to assess the level of socio-economic development of thirty-one counties of Wielkopolska province in 2014. A synthetic indicator based on TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), a multi-criteria decision analysis method, was used in the analysis. The statistical data were taken from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office. The counties were classified into four groups depending on their level of development. The study revealed that the most developed county of Wielkopolska province was Poznań county, while Koło county was the least developed. The socio-economic development in most counties of Wielkopolska province was at a medium level in 2014.
Cytowanie	Kaczmarek K.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s47.pdf

Autor	Paulina Mazur
Tytuł	A comparative analysis of targeting measures and the absorption of funds under the Rural Development Plan 2004–2006 and the Rural Development Programme 2007–2013
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Key words	RDP 2004–2006, RDP 2007–2013, rural development, balanced development, European funds in Poland
Abstrakt
Abstract	The development of rural areas is currently one of the more important priorities in the Common Agricultural Policy. In Poland, precisely drawn up rural development policy coupled with complex instruments have been implemented since Poland joined the EU on 1 May 2004. The aim of this article is to present the widely defined activities and measures implemented in the framework of the Rural Development Plan 2004–2006 and the Rural Development Programme 2007–2013. It also compares how they were shaped during the two financial frameworks. The article also presents the spatial absorption of the funds intended for their realisation and the beneficiaries by voivodship. Finally, the article defines the interdependencies between the amount of funds paid by voivodship in both of the programming periods.
Cytowanie	Mazur P.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2016_n2_s89.pdf